Adaptive vehicle communication controlled lighting system

ABSTRACT

A vehicle safety system ( 10 ) includes a light source ( 32 ). A beam-forming assembly ( 34 ) is optically coupled to the light source ( 32 ). An object detection sensor ( 16 ) detects an object and generates an object detection signal. A controller ( 18 ) is coupled to the beam-forming assembly ( 34 ) and the object detection sensor ( 16 ). The controller ( 18 ) adjusts illumination output of the vehicle safety system ( 10 ) in response to the object detection signal.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] The present application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. 60/432,973, entitled “TRANSPONDER CONTROLLED ADAPTIVE LIGHTING FOR ENHANCED VISABILTY AND SAFETY,” filed on Dec. 12, 2002, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.

BACKGROUND OF INVENTION

[0002] The present invention relates to vehicle headlight systems. More particularly, the present invention relates to an adaptive vehicle lighting system for improved visibility and roadway illumination.

[0003] It is desired by vehicle manufacturers to improve roadway illumination of a host vehicle without negatively affecting visibility of other nearby or on-coming vehicles. Improved roadway illumination can improve drivability and safety aspects associated with operation of the host vehicle, especially in low-illumination or low visibility conditions. Some low visibility conditions are, for example, driving at night, driving through a tunnel, and driving in bad weather.

[0004] Numerous vehicle headlight configurations and systems currently exist for controlling the state of headlights of a host vehicle. For example, many vehicles today include daytime running lights that are illuminated continuously not only during the daytime, but also during the nighttime, which increases noticeability of the host vehicle to other nearby vehicles.

[0005] Other vehicle headlight systems detect levels of light exterior to a host vehicle and in response thereto activate the headlights. Some vehicle headlight systems mechanically “steer” the headlights to bias the headlights toward the area where the host vehicle is being directed. The steering of the headlights may coincide with the turning of the host vehicle steering wheel. Yet other headlight control systems dim the headlights from a “high beam” mode to a “low beam” mode upon the detection of light emitted from the headlights of an oncoming vehicle or from the taillights of a leading vehicle.

[0006] There also exist electrochromatic mirrors that may be adjusted to somewhat minimize or relieve the reflections from scattering of light generated from nearby vehicle headlights. The relief is limited and the reflections can still be annoying to vehicle occupants. The electrochromatic mirrors provide limited use, but yet add additional cost to a vehicle.

[0007] All of the above-mentioned vehicle headlight systems have a common drawback of being limited to very few headlight beam illumination patterns or include numerous mechanical elements to steer or otherwise modify the headlight beam illumination pattern. Additionally, the above vehicle headlight systems are limited in their ability to maximize illumination from a host vehicle while minimizing glare to nearby vehicles.

[0008] Also, the amount of safety system features and components for implementation within a vehicle is ever increasing. Besides the safety features associated with vehicle headlight systems, other safety features are provided by collision warning and countermeasure systems. Collision warning and countermeasure systems utilize multiple transmitters, receivers, and sensors to perform tasks, such as those related to object detection and threat assessment, adaptive cruise control, and lane departure and lane-keeping control.

[0009] Thus, there exists a need for an improved vehicle safety system that provides a robust and adaptable headlight beam illumination pattern, that maximizes illumination forward of a host vehicle, and that minimizes glare and visibility interference to operators of nearby vehicles. It is also desired that the improved vehicle safety system minimize system complexity and manufacturing time and costs involved therein.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION

[0010] The present invention provides a vehicle safety system that includes a light source. A beam-forming assembly is optically coupled to the light source. An object detection sensor detects an object and generates an object detection signal. A controller is coupled to the beam-forming assembly and the object detection sensor. The controller adjusts illumination output of the vehicle safety system in response to the object detection signal.

[0011] The embodiments of the present invention provide several advantages. One such advantage that is provided by multiple embodiments of the present invention is the provision of an adaptive vehicle headlight system that maximizes illumination output and minimizes glare and visibility interference to operators of nearby vehicles.

[0012] Another advantage that is provided by an embodiment of the present invention is the provision of a vehicle safety system that shares safety system components between vehicle headlight operations and other safety systems operations. In so doing, the present invention for at least the stated embodiment minimizes system complexity and manufacturing time and costs involved therein.

[0013] Furthermore, another advantage that is provided by multiple embodiments of the present invention is versatility. The stated embodiments provide multiple techniques for detecting and communicating with an object to allow performance of various safety system tasks.

[0014] The present invention itself, together with attendant advantages, will be best understood by reference to the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying figures.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] For a more complete understanding of this invention reference should now be made to embodiments illustrated in greater detail in the accompanying figures and described below by way of examples of the invention wherein:

[0016]FIG. 1 is a block diagrammatic view of an adaptive vehicle communication controlled lighting system for a host vehicle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017]FIG. 2 shows a sample beam illumination pattern for the host vehicle that has been adjusted in response to a forward on-coming target vehicle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018]FIG. 3 shows another sample beam illumination pattern for the host vehicle that has been adjusted in response to a followed target vehicle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019]FIG. 4 shows another sample beam illumination pattern for the host vehicle that has been adjusted in response to a lateral on-coming target vehicle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020]FIG. 5 shows another sample beam illumination pattern for the host vehicle that has been adjusted in response to a laterally located target vehicle in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; and.

[0021]FIG. 6 is a logic flow diagram illustrating a method of operating the adaptive system of FIG. 1 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In the following figures the same reference numerals will be used to refer to the same components. The present invention may be adapted and applied to various sensing systems including: headlight systems, collision warning systems, collision avoidance systems, parking-aid systems, reversing-aid systems, passive countermeasure systems, adaptive cruise control systems, lane departure systems, lane-keeping systems, windshield clearing systems, or other systems known in the art.

[0023] In the following description, various operating parameters and components are described for multiple constructed embodiments. These specific parameters and components are included as examples and are not meant to be limiting.

[0024] Also, the term “object” may refer to any animate or inanimate object. An object may be a vehicle, illumination from a headlight, a light signal, a pedestrian, a lane marker, a road sign, a roadway lane designating line, a vehicle occupant, window moisture, or other object known in the art.

[0025] Referring now to FIG. 1, a block diagrammatic view of an adaptive vehicle communication controlled lighting system 10 for a host vehicle 12 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The adaptive system 10 performs as a vehicle headlight system and as a vehicle safety system. The adaptive system 10 controls various lighting features as well as various other safety system features, which are described in further detail below.

[0026] The adaptive system 10 includes a lighting circuit 14 that generates an illumination beam 15, an object detection sensor 16, and a controller 18. Although a specified number of object detection sensors 16 are shown, any number may be utilized. The sensor 16 detects objects in close proximity with the vehicle 12. The controller 18, in response to the detected objects, determines and adjusts the illumination output from the lighting circuit 14. The controller 18 adjusts the illumination output to prevent glare and visibility interference to vehicle operators and pedestrians while maximizing illumination within an illumination zone of interest 20.

[0027] The adaptive system 10 may also include a transponder 22 and a memory 24. The transponder 22 is used in communication with target vehicles or other objects that are capable of communication with the vehicle 12. The transponder 22 includes the sensor 16 and a transmitter 23. The transponder 22 maybe of various types and styles, such as a radio frequency (RF), infrared (IR), or laser transceiver. The memory 24 is used to store multiple beam patterns. The beam patterns may be in the form of bitmaps or bitmap images. The controller 18 selects and modifies the beam patterns emitted by the lighting circuit 14 in response to the data received from the sensor 16, as well as from other vehicle and roadway data. The other vehicle and roadway data may be generated from the vehicle sensors 26 or from a navigation system 28. The controller 18 can receive the various vehicle sensory and navigation data by way of the vehicle communication bus 30. The above-described components of the adaptive system 10 are described in detail below.

[0028] The lighting circuit 14, although shown as having a single light source 32, a single beam-forming optic assembly 34 with a single light processor 36, and a pair of light emitters 38, may have any number of these devices. Also, each of these devices may be separate stand-alone devices, as shown, or may be integrated into a single unit or some combination thereof. The light source 32 is optically coupled to the beam-forming assembly 34 by way of a first optical coupling 40. The beam-forming assembly 34 is coupled to the emitters 38 by way of a second optical coupling 42. Optical couplings 40 and 42 may be in the form of fiber optic cables, multiple optic lenses or mirrors, or other optical couplings known in the art. In operation, light is generated by the light source 32, formed into a beam having a selected beam pattern by the beam-forming assembly 34, and ultimately emitted through the emitters 38 to illuminate the illumination zone 20.

[0029] The light source 32 can include any high intensity discharge light source or LED cluster which acts as a light engine. The light source 32 provides light, in a desired spectral range, to the beam-forming assembly 34. The light source 32 may include an IR light source, a near IR light source, or a laser light source. The light source 32 may be directly or indirectly coupled, via the beam-forming assembly 34, to the transmitter 23. The transmitter 23 may be utilized to perform vehicle adaptive lighting system operations, vehicle collision avoidance and countermeasure operations, and vehicle night vision operations.

[0030] The beam-forming assembly 34 is coupled to the memory 24. The beam-forming assembly 34 causes the emitters 38 to emit light in response to and in the form of a selected beam pattern. The beam pattern may be selected by the controller 18. The beam-forming assembly 34 includes the beam-forming optics 46, which are controlled by the light processor 36. The light processor 36 may be an analog or digital processor. The light processor 36 uses a beam pattern stored in the memory 24 to configure the light received from the light source 32.

[0031] The emitters 38, in the embodiment as shown, include a driver side emitter 47 and a passenger side emitter 48. The emitters 38 may include, for example, lense elements for conveying the preconditioned light into the illumination zone 20. In this way, the emitters 38 are stationary with respect to the vehicle 12 and do not include a light source or any moveable parts for the modification of a beam pattern. In the described embodiment of FIG. 1, the emitters 38 precondition light received from the beam-forming assembly 34. The emitters 38 may be in the form of headlights, taillights, indicators, infrared or laser transmitters, or may be in the form of some other illumination source known in the art.

[0032] The lighting circuit 14 may also include a pulse generator 49. The pulse generator 49 is coupled to the controller 18 and to the light source 32. The pulse generator 49 is used in communication with a detected object via the lighting circuit 14, the transponder 22, or a combination thereof.

[0033] The object detection sensor 16 may be used to passively or actively detect an object. The sensor 16 may passively detect visible or IR light reflected, generated, or emitted from an object. The sensor 16 may also detect radar or RF waves reflected off the object. The visible and IR light may, for example, be emitted from headlights or taillights of a target vehicle.

[0034] The sensor 16 may actively detect radar or light signals from an object. For example, the sensor 16 may communicate with and receive communication signals from a target vehicle. The communication signals may be in the form of RF or light signals generated from the target vehicle. The light signals may be in the visible or IR spectrum and be generated from a target vehicle light, such as a headlight, a taillight, or a separate assigned IR, RF, or laser emitter.

[0035] The sensor 16 may be of various types and styles known in the art. The sensor 16 may be in the form of an RF, visible light, laser, or infrared transceiver or receiver, or may be in some other form known in the art. The sensor 16 may also be located anywhere on the vehicle 12. The vision sensor 16 may be a camera, a charged-coupled device, an infrared detector, a series of photodiodes, or other sensor known in the art. The controller 18 and the processor 36 may be microprocessor-based, such as a computer having a central processing unit, memory (RAM and/or ROM), and associated input and output buses. The controller 18 and the processor 36 may be application-specific integrated circuits or be formed of other logic devices known in the art. The controller 18 and the processor 36 may be portions of a central vehicle main control unit, an interactive vehicle dynamics module, a restraints control module, a main safety controller, or may be stand-alone controllers and processors, as shown. The controller 18 and the processor 36 may be in direct communication with any of the above-stated components, or may communicate with each component by way of the vehicle communications bus 30, as shown with respect to the vehicle sensors 26.

[0036] The controller 18 may perform various sensing system operations including adaptive cruise control, lane-keeping control, lane-departure control, collision avoidance control, countermeasure control, or other sensing system operations known in the art. The operations may be performed sequentially or simultaneously.

[0037] Adaptive cruise control is used for monitoring objects forward of the vehicle 12 and for maintaining a safe predetermined distance away from the detected objects to prevent collision therewith. When adaptive cruise control is active the controller 18 may warn the vehicle operator of an impending object or perform a countermeasure as to alter speed of travel of the vehicle 12.

[0038] Lane-keeping and lane-departure control refer to when the controller 18 monitors lane markings or roadway lane designating lines and warns the vehicle operator when the vehicle 12 exits a current lane of travel or is directed to exit the current lane of travel. The controller 18 may perform a countermeasure to maintain the current lane of travel, such as controlling vehicle steering to adjust direction of travel of the vehicle 12.

[0039] Countermeasure control may include occupant related operations, such as detecting occupant characteristics, determining a countermeasure to perform, and adjusting times and activating rates of the countermeasure. The occupant characteristics may include occupant positioning within a seat, occupant size, or other known occupant characteristics.

[0040] The controller 18 and the processor 36 may perform tasks related to the above-stated safety system operations and controls sharing the lighting circuit 14 and the transponder 22.

[0041] The transponder 22 may include the sensor 16 and the emitter or transmitter 23. The transponder 22 may transmit and receive RF signals, visible light signals, IR signals, laser signals, or other signals known in the art. The transponder 22 may be used to detect and communicate with nearby objects. The communication signals may be used to identify and determine various relative vehicle information, such as range, range rate, and direction of travel, as well as other information known in the art.

[0042] The memory 24 may be of various types and styles as known in the art. The memory 24 may be a portion of the controller 18 or of the processor 36. In one embodiment of the present invention, the memory 24 stores multiple bitmap beam patterns for selection by the controller 18 and for use by the processor 36 in generation of a desired beam pattern within the illumination zone 20.

[0043] The bitmap beam patterns are used to define the desired light patterns on the roadway. The bitmap beam patterns may be stored in the form of a look-up table. The bitmap beam patterns can define, for example, high-beam and low-beam patterns for each emitter 38, as well as left turn and right turn light patterns. Vehicle speed indexed beam patterns are also contemplated wherein the illumination would be increased in distance as the vehicle speed increases. Numerous beam patterns can thus be digitally formed by the beam-forming assembly 34 in response to vehicle and roadway conditions. The beam patterns can be formed without the need for multiple lenses, bulbs, or other mechanical devices that may be used to modify a beam pattern.

[0044] The vehicle sensors 26 may include a steering wheel angle sensor, a brake sensor, a throttle sensor, a road temperature sensor, a traction control sensor, a wheel speed sensor, a light sensor, a turn signal sensor, a windshield wiper sensor, a transmission gear or speed sensor, or other vehicle sensor known in the art. Vehicle information generated by the sensors 26 may include information related to the vehicle type, speed, heading, location, yaw, pitch, roll, or other information associated with the stated sensors, as well as other information known in the art.

[0045] The navigational system 28 may include global positioning (GPS) data, differential GPS data, or carrier phase differential GPS data, as well as navigational roadway data. The navigational system 28 provides navigational data to the controller 18 for the selection of the appropriate beam pattern. The navigational data may include digital navigational map data. The navigational map data can be used to provide road segment classification and intersection determination data including elevation changes in the road surface, which can further be used in selecting or modifying a beam pattern. In addition, when the GPS information is not available or is sporadic due to buildings or atmospheric affects, an inertial guidance system can be used to provide sub-second geospatial reckoning to the controller 18 with knowledge of the vehicle location and heading information.

[0046] The bus 30 may also be of various types and styles. The bus 30 may be in the form of a car area network bus, a series control panel bus, a universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter based protocol bus, or other bus known in the art. Although the bus 30 is shown as providing communication between the controller 18 and the vehicle sensors 26, it may provide communication between any of the above-mentioned components.

[0047] Referring now to FIGS. 2-5, which show beam illumination patterns for the host vehicle 12 utilizing the adaptive system 10 and adjusting a beam pattern in response to target vehicles in proximity with the host vehicle 12, in accordance with multiple embodiments of the present invention.

[0048]FIG. 2 is an illustrative example of when the host vehicle 12 is being approached by a forward on-coming target vehicle 50. The controller 18 and the processor 36 in response to the detection of or the communication with the target vehicle 50, select a beam pattern and adjust emission of that beam pattern as to not emit or minimize light emission in the direction of the target vehicle 50. By minimizing light emission in the direction of the target vehicle 50, the controller 18 and the processor 36 minimize light scattering from side and rear view mirrors. The controller 36 signals the driver side emitter 47 to angle downward light emission therefrom. Thus, the emitters 38 may be positioned at different angles depending upon detection of an object and relative location of that object.

[0049]FIG. 3 is an illustrative example of when the host vehicle 12 is following a target vehicle 52. The light emitted from each of the emitters 38 is altered, such that they are not directed at the target vehicle 52.

[0050]FIG. 4 is an illustrative example of when the host vehicle 12 is being approached by a lateral on-coming target vehicle 54. The beam pattern 56 is adjusted as the target vehicle 54 passes in front of the host vehicle 12. For example, the driver side emitter 47 may be initially angle downward and gradually angled upward as the target vehicle 54 passes. The passenger side emitter 48 may be angled upward, gradually angled downward, and back upward as the target vehicle 54 passes.

[0051]FIG. 5 is an illustrative example of when the host vehicle 12 detects a target vehicle 58 that is laterally located relative to the host vehicle 12 and traveling in approximately the same direction. The beam pattern generated by host vehicle 12 may be modified to prevent the illumination of the target vehicle 58 and to not interfere with the beam pattern generated by the target vehicle 58.

[0052] The above-stated beam pattern adjustments are for example purposes only. The beam patterns may be adjusted in angle, focus, amplitude, position, and shape.

[0053] Referring now to FIG. 6, a logic flow diagram illustrating a method of operating the adaptive system 10 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0054] In step 100, a beam pattern is selected and emitted from the emitters 38. The controller 18 selects a beam pattern, which is processed and formed by the beam-forming assembly 34 and then emitted by the emitter 38 to illuminate the illumination zone 20. The beam pattern is emitted to improve roadway illumination and enhance vehicle safety. The beam pattern may be selected in response to vehicle or navigation data generated from the vehicle sensors 26 and the navigation system 28.

[0055] In step 102, the system 10 may transmit a first communication signal to objects that are proximate to the vehicle 12. The system 12 may transmit the communication signal via the lighting system 14, the transponder 44, or a combination thereof.

[0056] In step 104, the sensor 16 detects an object, such as a target vehicle. The sensor 16 generates an object detection signal in response to the detection of the object. In step 104A, the sensor 16 may receive a reflected signal generated from the reflection of the first communication signal on the object. In step 104B, the sensor 16 may receive a second communication signal generated from the object. The second communication signal may be in the form of a light or RF signal and may or may not be in response to the first communication signal.

[0057] In step 106, the controller 18, in response to the object detection signal, may select an updated beam pattern or adjust the existing beam pattern. The object detection signal may include various object related information. The updated beam pattern may also be selected in response to vehicle or navigation data generated from the vehicle sensors 26 and the navigation system 28.

[0058] In step 108, the controller 18 may generate multiple safety system signals in response to the object detection signals. The safety system signals may include not only beam pattern information but also other information related to adaptive cruise control, lane-departure or lane-keeping control, and countermeasure control.

[0059] In step 110, the controller 18 in response to the safety system signal may perform various tasks related to the above-mentioned safety system controls and operations. For example, the controller 18 may adjust traveling speed of the vehicle 12, as part of an adaptive cruise control operation, to prevent colliding with the detected object.

[0060] The above-described steps are meant to be illustrative examples and may be easily modified depending upon the application. The steps may be performed sequentially, synchronously, simultaneously, or in a different order depending upon the application.

[0061] The present invention provides an adaptive vehicle communication controlled lighting system that allows for multiple beam patterns to be selected in response to communication between a host vehicle and an object. The present invention also allows transmitters and receivers to be shared between a vehicle lighting system and other vehicle safety systems, thus, minimizing vehicle components and system complexity. The present invention provides a symmetric and continuous lighting pattern, as well as a programmable lighting pattern that can vary dynamically in response to environmental conditions experienced by a host vehicle.

[0062] While the invention has been described in connection with one or more embodiments, it is to be understood that the specific mechanisms and techniques which have been described are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, numerous modifications may be made to the methods and apparatus described without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. 

1. A vehicle safety system comprising: at least one light source; at least one beam-forming assembly optically coupled to said at least one light source; at least one object detection sensor detecting at least one object and generating at least one object detection signal; and a controller coupled to said at least one beam-forming assembly and said at least one object detection sensor and adjusting illumination output of the vehicle safety system in response to said object detection signal.
 2. A system as in claim 1 further comprising a memory coupled to said controller and storing a plurality of beam patterns, said controller selecting at least one of said beam patterns in response to said object detection signal.
 3. A system as in claim 1 wherein said controller in adjusting said illumination output adjusts an illumination parameter selected from at least one of beam pattern, beam location, beam intensity, beam focus, and beam angle.
 4. A system as in claim 1 wherein said at least one object detection sensor is a receiver and receives a communication signal from said at least one object, said controller adjusting said illumination output in response to said communication signal.
 5. A system as in claim 1 wherein said at least one object detection sensor is a passive object detection sensor.
 6. A system as in claim 1 wherein said at least one object detection sensor is selected from at least one of a radio frequency transceiver, a radio frequency receiver, a radio frequency sensor, an infrared transceiver, an infrared receiver, an infrared sensor, a laser transceiver, and a laser sensor.
 7. A system as in claim 1 further comprising a transmitter coupled to said controller and transmitting a first communication signal, said object detection sensor receiving a second communication signal in response to said first communication signal and adjusting said illumination output in response to said second communication signal.
 8. A system as in claim 1 wherein said controller adjusts said illumination output in response to at least one vehicle operating condition.
 9. A system as in claim 8 wherein said controller adjusts said illumination output in response to at least one vehicle operating condition selected from at least one of velocity, speed, directional heading, acceleration, location, steering wheel angle, brake status, throttle angle, turn signal status, traction control status, differential wheel speed, light status, turn indicator status, windshield wiper status, windshield wiper speed, and engine speed.
 10. A system as in claim 1 further comprising a navigation system coupled to said controller, said controller receiving information related to at least a portion of said at least one vehicle operating condition from said navigation system.
 11. A system as in claim 1 wherein said controller adjusts a vehicle state in response to said object detection signal.
 12. A system as in claim 11 wherein said controller in adjusting a vehicle state adjusts at least one vehicle state selected from velocity, speed, directional heading, acceleration, location, steering wheel angle, brake status, throttle angle, turn signal status, traction control status, differential wheel speed, light status, turn indicator status, windshield wiper status, windshield wiper speed, and engine speed.
 13. A system as in claim 11 wherein said object detection sensor receives a cruise control signal and said controller in response to said cruise control signal adjusts said vehicle state.
 14. A system as in claim 1 wherein said controller adjusts a cruise control parameter in response to said object detection signal.
 15. A system as in claim 1 further comprising at least one light emitter optically coupled to said at least one beam-forming assembly, said controller independently adjusting illumination output of each of said at least one light emitter.
 16. A system as in claim 1 wherein said object detection signal is generated in response to illumination generated from said at least one object.
 17. A system as in claim 1 wherein said object detection signal is generated in response at least one communicative light signal generated from said at least one object.
 18. A system as in claim 1 further comprising at least one light emitter optically coupled to said at least one beam-forming assembly and emitting a communicative light signal, said object detection sensor generating said object detection signal in response to said communicative light signal.
 19. A vehicle headlight system comprising: at least one light source; at least one beam-forming assembly optically coupled to said at least one light source and forming an illumination beam; a transceiver generating a first communication signal; a receiver receiving a second communication signal from at least one object in response to said first communication signal; and a controller coupled to said at least one beam-forming assembly and said receiver and adjusting said illumination beam in response to said second communication signal.
 20. A method of operating a vehicle headlight system comprising: detecting at least one communication signal from at least one object; and adjusting illumination output of the vehicle headlight system in response to said at least one communication signal. 